Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

• Lingling Xia,
• Qinyue Wang and
• Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

• the bottom of the reactor. Through this strategy, various networks with different compositions could be encapsulated into monocrystalline coordination polymers (Figure 4) [111]. The rate performance and cycling stability of sodium ion batteries, potassium ion batteries, and seawater batteries were

• . Such an enhancement could also be found in the case of electrodes for supercapacitors. The carbons derived from the inverse opal single crystals showed excellent cycling stability [120]. When the networks do not have lattice similarity with the grown monocrystalline coordination polymers, the crystal

Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O₂ batteries

• Hien Thi Thu Pham,
• Jonghyeok Yun,
• So Yeun Kim,
• Sang A Han,
• Jung Ho Kim,
• Jong-Won Lee and
• Min-Sik Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 689–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.61

• examined at a current density of 200 mA·g−1, as shown in Figure 6g–i. The Zn4Co1–C/CNT cathode exhibited superior cycling stability (≈137 cycles) compared to that of the Zn1Co1–C/CNT cathode (≈70 cycles) and Zn1Co4–C/CNT cathode (≈120 cycles). Even after 100 cycles, the Zn4Co1–C particles still maintained

Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries

• Marina Tabuyo-Martínez,
• Bernd Wicklein and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75

• significantly improves the cycling stability since the shuttle effect is minimized. For instance, a capacity of 300 mAh·g−1 after 1500 cycles at 1C and a Coulombic efficiency of 98% can be achieved (Figure 3A) [29]. Furthermore, hierarchical porous carbon structures have also shown promising performance as

• cathode damage due to the volume change of sulfur. Therefore, an improvement in charge capacity (300 vs 50 mAh·g−1) and cycling stability is achieved when comparing the double- with single-shell carbon microspheres as shown in Figure 3B. In addition, modified porous carbon structures with nitrogen or

• shuttle effect is therefore diminished, which results in an improvement in cycling stability. In this way, Qiang et al. [31] reported a decay in discharge capacity of only 3% after 8000 cycles at a high current density of 4.6 A·g−1. This improvement has also been clearly shown in the electrochemical

ZnO and MXenes as electrode materials for supercapacitor devices

• Ameen Uddin Ammar,
• Ipek Deniz Yildirim,
• Feray Bakan and
• Emre Erdem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 49–57, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.4

• , long cycling stability, as well as environmental sustainability [15][16][17][18][21][22]. Unfortunately, supercapacitors are not fully in the market due to manufacturing cost, stability, and lifetime concerns [15]. Electrodes and electrolytes are two key parameters that affect the design of the

• retention [30]. Yan et al. used a composite material comprising MXene family Ti3C and CNTs as an electrode material to enhance the performance of a supercapacitor. They reported a high volumetric capacitance of 393 F·cm−3 and increased rate capability, as well as excellent cycling stability [31

Self-standing heterostructured NiC_x-NiFe-NC/biochar as a highly efficient cathode for lithium–oxygen batteries

• Shengyu Jing,
• Xu Gong,
• Shan Ji,
• Linhui Jia,
• Bruno G. Pollet,
• Sheng Yan and
• Huagen Liang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1809–1821, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.163

• density increased five-fold, the specific discharge capacity of the NiFe-PBA/PP-900 cell went from 27.14 to 4.95 mAh·cm−2. The cycling stability of NiFe-PBA/PP-900 in the Li–O2 cell was analyzed by performing full charge and discharge cycles at 0.1 mA·cm−2 varying the voltage window from 2.0 V to 4.5 V

• . By comparison, NiFe-PBA/PP-700 only delivered a specific capacity of 8.2 mAh·cm−2 at 0.1 mA·cm−2 and decreased sharply to 4.0 mAh·cm−2 when the current density increased to 0.5 mA·cm−2 (Figure 6b). Figure 6c and Figure 6d show the cycling stability of Li–O2 batteries with NiFe-PBA/PP-T cathodes under

• almost four times higher than that of NiFe-PBA/PP-700 (Figure 6d). The cycling stability of NiFe-PBA/PP-T was further evaluated at a current density of 0.1 mA·cm−2 and with a limited capacity of 0.5 mAh·cm−2 (Figure 6e and Figure 6f). With the charge and discharge cycles carried out under the limited

Exfoliation in a low boiling point solvent and electrochemical applications of MoO₃

• Matangi Sricharan,
• Bikesh Gupta,
• Sreejesh Moolayadukkam and
• H. S. S. Ramakrishna Matte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 662–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.52

• change in slope, which could be due to the electrochemically reversible hydrogen intercalation, which was also seen in the voltammetry curves. The charge and discharge times were found to be 15 and 13 s at a current density of 1 A·g−1. Cycling stability is a key factor for the commercialization of

Simple synthesis of nanosheets of rGO and nitrogenated rGO

• Pallellappa Chithaiah,
• Madhan Mohan Raju,
• Giridhar U. Kulkarni and
• C. N. R. Rao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 68–75, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.7

• scan rates; (c) specific capacitance for H-rGO at scan rates from 5 to 200 mV·s−1; (d) charge–discharge curves of rGO and H-rGO at a current density of 0.5 A·g−1. Cycling stability of H-rGO. Comparison of the specific capacitance of H-rGO sheets with reported values. Supporting Information Supporting

A novel all-fiber-based LiFePO₄/Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ battery with self-standing nanofiber membrane electrodes

• Li-li Chen,
• Hua Yang,
• Mao-xiang Jing,
• Chong Han,
• Fei Chen,
• Xin-yu Hu,
• Wei-yong Yuan,
• Shan-shan Yao and
• Xiang-qian Shen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2229–2237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.215

• for electric and hybrid vehicles due to their stable discharge potential, good cycling stability and environmental friendliness [24][25][26]. However, both of them have the disadvantages of low Li+ diffusion coefficient and poor electronic conductivity, which limit the practical applications in LIBs

• for more than 700 cycles, and the discharge capacity decreases from the initial 135 to 125 mAh·g−1, showing a good stability. Meanwhile, the two kinds of electrodes also show a high coulombic efficiency close to 100%. It further shows that the free-standing electrodes have excellent cycling stability

Ultrathin Ni_1−xCo_xS₂ nanoflakes as high energy density electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors

• Xiaoxiang Wang,
• Teng Wang,
• Rusen Zhou,
• Lijuan Fan,
• Shengli Zhang,
• Feng Yu,
• Tuquabo Tesfamichael,
• Liwei Su and
• Hongxia Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2207–2216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.213

• energy density of 67.5 Wh·kg−1) and excellent cycling stability. This approach can be a low-cost way to mass-produce high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors. Keywords: electrode materials; high energy density; in situ phase transformation; NiCo sulfide; supercapacitors; ultrathin

• ) at room temperature of 24 °C. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of the electrode material was carried out in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 0.01 Hz at AC voltage under open-circuit conditions. The cycling stability was tested by using a LAND system (Wuhan LAND electronics). The

• higher conductivity of the sulfide material [39]. Another critical parameter of supercapacitor electrodes is cycling stability. It can be seen from Figure 3d that the capacity increased in the first 50 cycles, which can be due to the wetting process of the electrode in the electrolyte [40]. After a total

Facile synthesis of carbon nanotube-supported NiO//Fe₂O₃ for all-solid-state supercapacitors

• Shengming Zhang,
• Xuhui Wang,
• Yan Li,
• Xuemei Mu,
• Yaxiong Zhang,
• Jingwei Du,
• Guo Liu,
• Xiaohui Hua,
• Yingzhuo Sheng,
• Erqing Xie and
• Zhenxing Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1923–1932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.188

• ][15] have a high theoretical capacity from faradaic reactions but suffer from low conductivity, small surface area, and poor cycling stability, resulting in low capacitance and poor rate capability [16]. To address these issues, many researchers have devoted enormous efforts to combine carbon

• at 1.6 kW·kg−1 was obtained. Besides, the ASC exhibits excellent cycling stability with capacitance retention of 83% after 5000 cycles. All these results demonstrate that our method is promising for constructing CNT-based metal oxide composites for high-performance supercapacitors. Results and

• , 107, and 71 F·g−1 at current densities of 2, 5, 10, and 20 A·g−1 (Figure S10c, based on the mass of Fe2O3 and NiO), respectively. Cycling stability of the device was conducted at 10 A·g−1 for 5000 cycles. As shown in Figure 8c, 83% of the initial capacitance is retained, demonstrating the high

The impact of crystal size and temperature on the adsorption-induced flexibility of the Zr-based metal–organic framework DUT-98

• Simon Krause,
• Volodymyr Bon,
• Hongchu Du,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski,
• Ulrich Stoeck,
• Irena Senkovska and
• Stefan Kaskel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1737–1744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.169

• the pore channels. Repeated water adsorption experiments on DUT-98(3) show near identical isotherms, supporting the absence of structural transitions and cycling stability under these conditions. The high cycling stability and steep uptake at a relative pressure around 0.5 might make this material an

TiO₂/GO-coated functional separator to suppress polysulfide migration in lithium–sulfur batteries

• Ning Liu,
• Lu Wang,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Yan Zhao and
• Yongguang Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1726–1736, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.168

• interlayer enhanced the cycling stability and charge storage capacity of Li/S batteries due to excellent conductivity of graphene oxide and strong chemical interactions between nanoporous TiO2 and polysulfides. Results and Discussion Figure 1 presents a schematic of a Li/S battery with a TiO2/GO-coated

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

• nature throughout the carbonaceous frameworks results in efficient charge storage and rapid ion transport. Superior cycling stability without any capacity losses even after 10000 charge/discharge cycles was also confirmed. Furthermore, preparations of three-dimensional and hierarchic structures of

Flexible freestanding MoS₂-based composite paper for energy conversion and storage

• Florian Zoller,
• Jan Luxa,
• Thomas Bein,
• Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfing,
• Daniel Bouša and
• Zdeněk Sofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1488–1496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.147

• LIBs, supercapacitors (SCs) are seen as next-generation energy storage devices having a high specific power, fast charge–discharge rate and excellent cycling stability [2]. Freestanding, binder-free electrodes are also of great interest, as they can be used in flexible SCs [26]. In this regard, two

An efficient electrode material for high performance solid-state hybrid supercapacitors based on a Cu/CuO/porous carbon nanofiber/TiO₂ hybrid composite

• Mamta Sham Lal,
• Thirugnanam Lavanya and
• Sundara Ramaprabhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 781–793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.78

• stabilization and carbonization processes to enhance the performance. More importantly, the obtained results have demonstrated that the composite material displays outstanding rate capability and long cycling stability which demonstrates its great potential as an efficient electrode material for supercapacitors

• capacitance fade and offers superior cycling stability. Our work introduces a new avenue and offers prospective electrode materials for advanced supercapacitors in the near future. Experimental Chemicals Polyacrylonitrile (PAN, Mw = 150,000 g mol−1), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, Mw = 120,000 g mol−1

• 100 kHz to 1 mHz with sine wave of amplitude 5 mV. The cycling stability test was performed at a current density of 5 A g−1 up to 10,000 charge–discharge cycles for the fabricated SSHSC. The specific capacitance (Cm) of the electrode for the Cu/CuO/PCNF/TiO2 composite can be calculated from the

Trapping polysulfide on two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide for Li–S batteries through phase selection with optimized binding

• Sha Dong,
• Xiaoli Sun and
• Zhiguo Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 774–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.77

• batteries has been demonstrated as an effective way to overcome the shuttle effect and enhance the cycling stability. In this work, the anchoring effects of 2H-MoS2 and 1T'-MoS2 monolayers for Li–S batteries were investigated by using density functional theory calculations. It was found that the binding

A porous 3D-RGO@MWCNT hybrid material as Li–S battery cathode

• Yongguang Zhang,
• Jun Ren,
• Yan Zhao,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Fuxing Yin and
• Yichao Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 514–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.52

• effect, and thereby improving the cycling stability of the battery. Lastly, the interconnected pores ensured the rapid Li+ diffusion during the discharge/charge process, and therefore were beneficial for reducing the internal resistance and improving the electrochemical properties. Experimental Synthesis

A Ni(OH)₂ nanopetals network for high-performance supercapacitors synthesized by immersing Ni nanofoam in water

• Donghui Zheng,
• Man Li,
• Yongyan Li,
• Chunling Qin,
• Yichao Wang and
• Zhifeng Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 281–293, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.27

• water for seven days, reveals a high volumetric capacitance of 966.4 F/cm3 at a current density of 0.5 A/cm3. The electrode immersed for five days exhibits an excellent cycling stability (83.7% of the initial capacity after 3000 cycles at a current density of 1 A/cm3). Furthermore, symmetric

• Nowadays, environmental contamination and energy crisis require new energy storage devices. This leads to a considerable interest in the research of supercapacitors because of their higher power density, longer cycling stability and faster charge/discharge periods compared to batteries [1][2][3][4

• between active materials and electrolyte, for which transition metal oxides/hydroxides with multiple valence are used as electrode materials [8][9]. EDLCs hold a high power density and long cycling stability, but their practical application is limited by the low energy density. In comparison, pseudo

Amorphous Ni_xCo_yP-supported TiO₂ nanotube arrays as an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalyst in acidic solution

• Yong Li,
• Peng Yang,
• Bin Wang and
• Zhongqing Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 62–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.6

• provide a higher conductivity in the material. Electrochemical activity The electrochemical properties of the samples are shown in Figure 6, including LSV, CV, Tafel curves, bath voltage histograms, and cycling stability characteristics. In Figure 6a, the activity of NixCoyP/TNAs is much higher than that

Hydrogen-induced plasticity in nanoporous palladium

• Markus Gößler,
• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Markus Stütz,
• Norbert Enzinger and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3013–3024, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.280

• indication that the ISP deformation mechanism is active in npPd. Plastic deformation up to 6.5% after a single hydrogen-loading/unloading cycle in nanoporous palladium samples prepared in this work (see Figure 5) is seemingly in striking contrast with the remarkable hydrogen-cycling stability over 1000

Hydrothermal-derived carbon as a stabilizing matrix for improved cycling performance of silicon-based anodes for lithium-ion full cells

• Mirco Ruttert,
• Florian Holtstiege,
• Jessica Hüsker,
• Markus Börner,
• Martin Winter and
• Tobias Placke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2381–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.223

• ] showed that Si nanoparticles (Si-NPs) can be embedded in spherical hydrothermal carbon via a simple one-step hydrothermal process and Hu et al. [53] used hydrothermal carbonization to form a thin carbon and SiOx layer around Si-NPs and reported a great improvement in cycling stability compared to pure Si

• amorphous carbon matrix. The aim of the applied synthesis route is to combine the beneficial properties of Si and carbon in a Si/C composite material with high specific capacity, good rate performance and long-term cycling stability. Thereby this contribution lays focus on the influence of the Si to C ratio

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles as sulfur encapsulator for high-performance lithium/sulfur batteries

• Yan Zhao,
• Zhengjun Liu,
• Liancheng Sun,
• Yongguang Zhang,
• Yuting Feng,
• Xin Wang,
• Indira Kurmanbayeva and
• Zhumabay Bakenov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1677–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.159

• cycling stability and rate capability in Li/S batteries. This enhanced electrochemical performance originates from its active ZnO surfaces, which can provide a strong bonding capability for S atoms. Moreover, it is believed that the large micro-scaffold in the NCNT network not only improves the

Ab initio study of adsorption and diffusion of lithium on transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers

• Xiaoli Sun and
• Zhiguo Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2711–2718, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.270

• excellent cycling stability and superior rate performance. The composites exhibited a high discharge capacity of 1546 mAh/g after 300 cycles. The MoS2 composites grown on TiO2 nanotubes show better rate capability with a reversible capacity of 461 mAh/g at 1000 mA/g, compared with the capacity of pure MoS2

One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis and supercapacitor performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon–carbon nanotube hybrids

• Egor V. Lobiak,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Ekaterina O. Fedorovskaya,
• Yury V. Shubin,
• Pavel E. Plyusnin,
• Pierre Lonchambon,
• Boris V. Senkovskiy,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Emmanuel Flahaut and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2669–2679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.267

• nickel hydroxide in hydrogen atmosphere [15]. The hybrid showed improved cycling stability in lithium–sulfur batteries as compared to the electrode made from porous carbon only. Cai et al. have synthesized N-doped hierarchical porous carbon–CNT hybrids using a melamine-formaldehyde resin, Fe/Co catalyst

• , and nanostructured CaCO3 as a template [16]. The electrodes from the synthesis products exhibited a good reversible capacity and long-term cycling stability. The role of CNTs in such hybrids was to enhance the electrical conductivity and to act as a physical barrier, blocking large pores in the second

Systematic control of α-Fe₂O₃ crystal growth direction for improved electrochemical performance of lithium-ion battery anodes

• Nan Shen,
• Miriam Keppeler,
• Barbara Stiaszny,
• Holger Hain,
• Filippo Maglia and
• Madhavi Srinivasan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2032–2044, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.204

• Figure 8c. Exceptional cycling stability at around 1000 mAh g−1 for 50 cycles was observed. In particular, samples with intermediate rod lengths (α-Fe2O3-E1.5, α-Fe2O3-D0.5 and α-Fe2O3-B1.5) in the range of ≈240 nm up to ≈280 nm show a higher capacity over spherical α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (α-Fe2O3-E0.5